E. E. Smith
E. E. Smith, also
Edward Elmer Smith, Ph.D.,
E.E. "Doc" Smith,
Doc Smith,
"Skylark" Smith, and (to family)
Ted (
May 2,
1890 -
August 31,
1965) was a
science fiction author who wrote the
Lensman series and the
Skylark series, among others.
Edward Elmer Smith was born in
Sheboygan, Wisconsin on
May 2 1890 to Fred Jay Smith and Caroline Mills Smith, both staunch
Presbyterians of British ancestry.
[Moskowitz p. 11. For this and all following dates, see also the timelines in Lucchetti pp. 31â€"5 and 113â€"147 and, to a lesser extent, Sanders pp. 1â€"2.] His mother was a teacher; his father was a sailor, born in England; they moved to
Spokane, Washington that winter.
[Sanders p. 1 & 7. Trestrail p. 2 instead says that the family moved that year to Idaho, but Moskowitz p. 11â€"12 and Eshbach p. 85 both seem to agree with Sanders.] In 1902 the family moved to
Seneaquoteen[Sanders p. 1.], near the
Pend d'Oreille River, in northern
Idaho.
[Moskowitz p. 11â€"12.] He had four siblings, three of whom were named Daniel, Rachel, and Mary Elizabeth. He worked primarily as a manual laborer until he injured his wrist, at the age of 19, while escaping from a fire.
He attended the
University of Idaho, where he is installed in the Alumni Hall of Fame; he entered its
prep school in 1907, and graduated with two degrees in Chemical Engineering in 1914. He was president of the Chemistry Club, the Chess Club, and the
Mandolin and Guitar Club, and captain of the Drill and Rifle Team; he also sang the bass lead in
Gilbert and Sullivan operettas.
[Sanders p. 8]On
October 5 1915 he married Jeanne Craig MacDougall, the sister of his college roommate, Allen Scott (Scotty) MacDougall.
[Trestrail pp. 3 & 4, Sanders p. 8, Moskowitz p. 13. Trestrail spells the name "Allen." ] (Her sister was named Clarissa MacLean MacDougall; the heroine of the
Lensman novels would later be named
Clarissa MacDougall.) Jeanne MacDougall was born in
Glasgow, Scotland; her parents were Donald Scott MacDougall, a violinist, and Jessica Craig MacLean. Her father had moved to
Boise, Idaho when the children were young, and later sent for his family; he died while they were en route. Her mother worked at, and later owned, a boarding house on Ridenbaugh Street.
The Smiths had three children, Roderick N., born June 3, 1918 (a design engineer at
Lockheed Aircraft); Verna Jean (later
Verna Smith Trestrail), born August 25, 1920, his literary executor until her death in 1994 (her son Kim Trestrail is now the executor
[Z9M9Z: "Noreascon 4".]); and Clarissa M., born December 13, 1921.
[Lucchetti p. 32, Warner, Moskowitz p. 22.] After graduating from college, he worked as a junior civil service chemist for the
National Bureau of Standards in
Washington, D.C., working on standards for butter and oysters.
[Moskowitz p. 13.] He apparently served as a Lieutenant in the U.S. Cavalry in World War I, but in what capacity is not known.
[See the photo at Lens FAQ p. 0. According to Warner, he applied unsuccessfully to serve as an aviator. The other biographies on silent on his wartime service.] One evening in 1915, while the Smiths were visiting their neighbors in the
Seaton Place Apartments, Dr. Carl and
Lee Hawkins Garby, Mrs. Garby suggested that Dr. Smith write a story set in outer space. Smith said that he would do so if Mrs. Garby would handle the love interest. The two had completed about a third of
The Skylark of Space by the end of 1916, when they gradually abandoned work on it. The Smiths were the basis for the Seatons in the novel, and the Cranes were drawn from the Garbys.
[Sanders pp. 8-9, Moskowitz p. 14.]Smith received a master's degree in
Chemistry from
George Washington University in 1917, studying under
Charles E. Munroe,
[Sanders p. 1] and a doctorate in
Chemical Engineering[Moskowitz p. 13.] in 1918.
[ Sanders p. 1, Lucchetti p. 32, Barrett p. 4 following Sanders. Moskowitz instead gives the date as 1919.] In 1919 Dr. Smith took a job as chief chemist for
F.W. Stock & Sons of
Hillsdale, Michigan, working on doughnut mixes.
[Sanders p. 1] Late in the year, when baby-sitting (presumably for Roderick) while his wife attended a movie, he resumed work on
The Skylark of Space, finishing it in the spring of 1920.
[Sanders p.1, Moskowitz p. 14. Warner says 1921.] He submitted it to many book publishers and magazines, spending more in postage than he would eventually receive for its publication. He received an encouraging rejection letter from Bob Davis, editor of
Argosy, in 1922, saying that he liked the novel personally, but that it was too far out for his readers.
[Sanders p. 9, Moskowitz p. 15.] (According to
Warner, but no other source, Dr. Smith began work on the sequel,
Skylark III, before the first book was accepted.) Finally, upon seeing the April 1927 issue of
Amazing Stories, he submitted it to the magazine; it was accepted, initially for $75, later raised to $125.
[Sanders pp. 1 & 9, Moskowitz p. 15. Both Moskowitz and Sanders (p. 1 but not p. 9) say that T. O'Conor Sloane was the editor who accepted it, but according to the Wikipedia article on T. O'Conor Sloane, he was managing editor until 1929, when he became editor, replacing Hugo Gernsback.] It was published in the August â€" September 1928 issues. It was such a success that managing editor
T. O'Conor Sloane requested a sequel before the second installment had been published.
[Moskowitz p. 15.] Mrs. Garby wasn't interested in collaborating further, so Dr. Smith began work on
Skylark Three on his own.
[Moskowitz p. 15. As noted above, Warner instead says that Dr. Smith had already begun work.] It was published in the August through October 1930 issues of
Amazing. This was as far as he had planned to take the
Skylark series; it was praised in
Amazing's letter column, and he was paid 3/4¢ per word, surpassing
Amazing's previous record of half a cent.
[Moskowitz p. 16]Dr. Smith then began work on what he intended as a new series, starting with
Spacehounds of IPC,[Moskowitz p. 16, Sanders p. 65.] which he finished in the autumn of 1930.
[Warner.] In this novel he took pains to avoid the scientific impossibilities which had bothered some readers of the
Skylark novels.
[Sanders p. 65. The book does however have significant scientific implausibilities, for example the breathable atmosphere on Saturn and some of its and Jupiter's satellites.] Even in 1938, after he had written
Galactic Patrol, Dr. Smith considered it his finest work;
[Warner.] he later said of it, "This was really scientific fiction; not, like the Skylarks, pseudo-science";
[Sheridan p. 3] and even at the end of his career he considered it his only work of true science fiction.
[Rogers p. 26.] It was published in the July through September 1931 issues of
Amazing, but with unauthorized changes by
Sloane.
[Moskowitz p. 16, Rogers p. 14.] Fan letters in the magazine complained about the novel's containment within the
solar system, and Sloane sided with the readers. So when
Harry Bates, editor of
Astounding Stories, offered Smith 2¢/wordâ€"payable on publicationâ€"for his next story, he agreed; this meant that it could not be a sequel to
Spacehounds.[Moskowitz p. 16.] This book would be
Triplanetary, "in which scientific detail would not be bothered about, and in which his imagination would run riot."
[Warner.] Indeed, characters within the story point out its psychological
[Lyman Cleveland's comment on the easy availability of "solid asteroids of iron," Amazing March 1934, p. 16, first edition p.196, as proving the pointlessness of the Nevians' attack.] and scientific
[Cleveland's expectation, correct according to Special Relativity, that inertialess travel would not be faster than light in the home reference frame, p. 223.] implausibilities, and sometimes even seem to suggest self-parody.
[Nerado's comment, "Destruction, always destruction… they are a useless race," February p. 81, p. 160.] At other times they are conspicuously silent about obvious implausibilities.
[Costigan & Bradley's lack of comment when they discover that the ship they are on has passed the speed of light, February p. 84, p. 168. This is the first mention in the story of faster-than-light travel.] [Costigan & Bradley's failure to object, when told of the Nevians' impending second raid on Tellus, that they could easily obtain iron without further destruction, February p. 88, p. 175.] The January
1933 issue of
Astounding announced that
Triplanetary would appear in the March issue, and that issue's
cover illustrated a scene from the story, but
Astoundings financial difficulties prevented the story from appearing.[Moskowitz p. 17, Rogers p. 14.] Dr. Smith then submitted the manuscript to Wonder Stories,
whose editor, Charles D. Hornig, rejected it, later boasting about the rejection in a fanzine.[Moskowitz p. 17, citing "Stories We Reject" in ]Fantasy Magazine December 1934. He finally submitted it to Amazing,
which published it beginning in January 1934, but for only half a cent a word. Shortly after it was accepted, F. Orlin Tremaine, the new editor of the revived Astounding,
offered one cent a word for Triplanetary;
when he learned that he was too late, he suggested a third Skylark
novel instead.[Moskowitz p. 17]
In the winter of 1933-4 Dr. Smith worked on The Skylark of Valeron,
but he felt that the story was getting out of control; he sent his first draft to Tremaine, with a distraught note asking for suggestions. Tremaine accepted the rough draft for $850, and announced it in the June 1934 issue, with a full-page editorial and a three-quarter page advertisement. The novel was published in the August 1934 through February 1935 issues. Astoundings circulation rose by 10,000 for the first issue, and its two main competitors,
Amazing and
Wonder Stories fell into financial difficulties, both skipping issues within a year.
[Moskowitz p. 17â€"8, Rogers pp. 24â€"30. Rogers agrees with Moskowitz that Astounding became the leading science fiction magazine during this period, but does not attribute this solely to Dr. Smith.]In January 1936 Dr. Smith took a job, for salary plus profit-sharing, as a food technologist (a cereal chemist) at the
Dawn Doughnut Company of
Jackson, Michigan.
[Moskowitz p. 19, Warner.] This initially entailed almost a year's worth of eighteen-hour days and seven-day workweeks. Persistent but unconfirmable accounts maintain that Dr. Smith developed the first process for sticking powdered sugar on doughnuts.
[The earliest web source for this claim seems to be Computer games: 40 years of fun, ZDNet UK, November 23, 2001 by Graeme Wearden; the article does not provide a source, and the claim may have been added by a colleague.] Once the new firm was profitable, Dr. Smith wrote an eighty-page outline for what became the four core
Lensman novels; Tremaine committed to buying them.
[Moskowitz p. 19.] He worked for the US Army between 1941 and 1945. An extended segment in the novel version of
Triplanetary, set during World War II, suggests intimate familiarity with explosives and munitions manufacturing.
After Dr. Smith retired, he and his wife lived in
Clearwater, Florida in the fall and winter, driving the smaller of their two trailers to
Seaside, Oregon each April, often stopping at
science fiction conventions on the way. (Dr. Smith did not like to fly.)
[Pohl in Lucchetti p. 15, Al Trestrail in Lucchetti p. 19. Al Trestrail (p. 20) and Pohl (p. 14) also mention church attendance (Pohl in a fictional context), which none of the other sources seem to.] Some of his biography is captured in an essay by
Robert A. Heinlein, which was reprinted in the collection
Expanded Universe in 1980. There is a more detailed, although allegedly error-ridden, biography in Sam Moskowitz's
Seekers of Tomorrow.Robert A. Heinlein and Dr. Smith were friends. Heinlein reported that E.E. Smith perhaps took his "unrealistic" heroes from life, citing as an example the extreme competence of the hero of
Spacehounds of IPC. He reported that E.E. Smith was a large, blond, athletic, very intelligent, very gallant man, married to a remarkably beautiful, intelligent red-haired woman named MacDougal (thus perhaps the prototypes of '
Kimball Kinnison' and '
Clarissa MacDougal'). In one of Heinlein's books, he reports that he began to suspect Smith might be a sort of "superman" when he asked Dr. Smith for help in purchasing a car. Smith tested the car by driving it on a back road at illegally high speeds with their heads pressed tightly against the roof columns to listen for chassis squeaks by
bone conduction—a process apparently improvised on the spot.
His novels are generally considered to be the original
space operas and offer almost non-stop action. However they are, to a fair extent, still "true"
science fiction, in that they use the extrapolation of known science and, often, the extrapolation of existing and historic social and political patterns of the early to mid-twentieth century. Smith himself expressed a preference for inventing fictional technologies that were not strictly impossible (so far as the science of the day was aware) but highly unlikely: "the more unlikely the better" was his phrase.
The Lensman novels were particularly interesting for their imaginative use of extra-terrestrial, non-human characters as major heroes, another science fiction "first."
In recent years many critics have characterized his writings as cliché-ridden, or as using tired old themes. Dr. Smith, however,
invented many of these themes. It is his imitators who made them tired old cliches. They were often totally new when he wrote them. With a little tolerance and imagination, a sense of wonder is easy to recapture, because Smith had it when he was writing his work. His excitement and enthusiasm shine through his writing and make his books well worth reading despite their age and their obvious literary flaws.
Vortex Blasters (also known as
Masters of the Vortex) is set in the same universe as the
Lensman novels. It is an extension to the main storyline which takes place between
Second Stage Lensman and
Children of the Lens, and introduces a different type of psionics from that used by the Lensmen.
Spacehounds of IPC is not a part of the series, despite occasional erroneous statements to the contrary. (It is listed as a novel in the series in some paperback editions of the 1970s.)
Robert A. Heinlein reported that Doc had planned a seventh
Lensman novel, set after the events described in
Children of the Lens, which was unpublishable at that time (the early 1960s). Careful searches by people who knew Doc well (including
Frederik Pohl, Doc's editor, and
Verna Smith Trestrail, Doc's daughter) have failed to locate any material related to such a story. Doc apparently never wrote any of it down. Doc told Heinlein that the new novel proceeded inexorably from unresolved matters in
Children, a statement easily supported by a careful reading of
Children.
On
14 July 1965, barely a month before his death, E. E. Smith gave written permission to
William B. Ellern to continue the
Lensman series, which led to the publishing of
New Lensman in 1976. Smith's long-time friend, Dave Kyle, wrote three authorized added novels in the Lensman series that provided background about the major non-human Lensmen.
Randall Garrett wrote a parody entitled
Backstage Lensman which Dr. Smith reportedly enjoyed.
Harry Harrison also parodied Smith's work in the novel,
Star Smashers of the Galaxy Rangers.
Steve 'Slug' Russell wrote the original computer game
Spacewar! inspired by the space battles from the Lensman series.
The
GURPS role-playing game includes a worldbook based on the Lensman series.
There is a Japanese Lensman anime, but it is more an imitation of
Star Wars than a translation of the
Lensman novels. Aficionados of Dr. Smith's writing prefer not to speak of it. Efforts to print translations of the associated
manga in the United States in the early 1990s, without payment of royalties to the Smith family, were successfully blocked in court by Verna Smith Trestrail with the help of several noted science fiction fans.
In his biography,
George Lucas reveals that the
Lensman novels were a major influence on his youth, completing the tie from the books to modern popular culture through Star Wars.
J. Michael Straczynski, creator of the science fiction television series
Babylon 5, also has acknowledged the influence of the Lensman books.
Scientific references
As well as influencing the course of popular culture, Smith was also a huge influence on modern warfare. His books were widely read by scientists and engineers from the 1930s until the 1970s. Ideas that arguably entered the military-scientific complex from Smith's work included
SDI (
Triplanetary),
stealth (
Gray Lensman) and
OODA-loops/
C3 based warfare and the
AWACS (
Gray Lensman). One underlying theme of the novels was the difficulty in maintaining military secrecy—as advanced capabilities are revealed, the opposing side can often duplicate them.
An influence that is inarguable was described in a letter to Doc from
John W. Campbell (the editor of
Astounding magazine, where much of the
Lensman series was originally published). In it, Campbell relayed Admiral
Chester Nimitz's acknowledgment that he had used Smith's ideas for displaying the battlespace situation (called the "tank" in the stories) in the design of the
United States Navy's ships'
Combat Information Centers. "Your entire set-up was taken specifically, directly, and consciously from the
Directrix in your story. Here you reached the situation the Navy found itself in — more communication channels than integration techniques to handle them. In your writing you proposed precisely such an integrating technique and proved how advantageous it could be."
[Campbell, J.W. Letter to E.E. Smith. As quoted by Verna Smith Trestrail on 29 September 1979 in her keynote speech at Moscon 1. Letter date given as "long after World War II."]The beginning of the story the
Skylark of Space describes in relative detail the protagonists research into separation of platinum group residues, subsequent experiments involving electrolysis and the discovery of a process evocative of
cold fusion (over 50 years before
Stanley Pons and
Martin Fleischmann). He describes a nuclear process yielding large amounts of energy and producing only negligible radioactive waste—which then goes on to form the basis of the adventures in the Skylark books. Smith's general description of the process of discovery is highly evocative of Röntgen's descriptions of his discovery of the
X-ray.
Another theme of the
Skylark novels involves precursors of modern information technology. The humanoid aliens encountered in the first novel have developed a primitive technology called the "mechanical educator," which allows direct conversion of brain waves into intelligible thought for transmission to others or for electrical storage. By the third novel in the series,
Skylark of Valeron, this technology has grown into an "Electronic Brain" which is capable of computation on all "bands" of energy—electromagnetism, gravity, and "tachyonic" energy and radiation bands included. This is itself derived from a discussion of reductionist atomic theory in the second novel,
Skylark Three, which is evocative of modern quark and sub-quark theories of elementary particle physics.
In his later non-series novels,
Galaxy Primes,
Subspace Explorers, and
Subspace Encounter, E. E. Smith explores themes of telepathy and other mental abilities collectively called "psionics," and of the conflict between libertarian and dictatorial influences in the colonization of other planets.
Literary influences
In his essay "The Epic of Space," Dr. Smith listed (by last name only) authors he enjoyed reading:
John W. Campbell,
L. Sprague de Camp,
Robert A. Heinlein,
Murray Leinster,
H.P. Lovecraft,
A. Merritt (specifically
The Ship of Ishtar, The Moon Pool, The Snake Mother, and
Dwellers in the Mirage, as well as the character John Kenton),
C.L. Moore (specifically
Jirel of Joiry),
Roman Frederick Starzl,
John Taine,
A.E. van Vogt,
Stanley G. Weinbaum (specifically
Trweel), and
Jack Williamson. In a passage on his preparation for writing the
Lensman novels, he notes that Canstantinescu's "War of the Universes" was not a masterpiece, but says that Starzl and Williamson were masters; this suggests that Starzl's
Interplanetary Flying Patrol may have been an influence on Dr. Smith's
Triplanetary Patrol, later the
Galactic Patrol. The feeding of the
Overlords of Delgon upon the
life-force of their victims at the end of chapter five of
Galactic Patrol seems a clear allusion to chapter twenty-nine of
The Moon Pool; Merritt's account of the
Taithu and the power of love in chapters twenty-nine and thirty-four also bear some resemblance to the end of
Children of the Lens. Dr. Smith also mentions
Edgar Rice Burroughs, complaining about loose ends at the end of one of his novels.
Dr. Smith acknowledges the help of the
Galactic Roamers writers' workshop, plus
E. Everett Evans, Ed Counts, an unnamed aeronautical engineer, Dr. James Enright, and Dr. Richard W. Dodson. Dr. Smith's daughter
Verna lists the following authors as visitors to the Smith household in her youth:
Lloyd Eshbach,
Robert A. Heinlein,
Dave Kyle,
Bob Tucker,
Jack Williamson,
Fred Pohl,
A. Merritt, and the
Galactic Roamers. Dr. Smith cites Bigelow's
Theoretical Chemistryâ€"Fundamentals as a justification for the possibility of the
inertialess drive. There is also an extended reference to
Rudyard Kipling's "Ballad of Boh Da Thon" in
Gray Lensman.
Sam Moskowitz's biographical essay on Dr. Smith in
Seekers of Tomorrow states that he regularly read
Argosy magazine, and everything by
H.G. Wells,
Jules Verne,
H. Rider Haggard,
Edgar Allan Poe, and
Edgar Rice Burroughs. Moskowitz also notes that Dr. Smith's "reading enthusiasms included poetry, philosophy, ancient and medieval history, and all of English literature."
[Moskowitz p. 14.] (Dr. Smith's grandson notes that he spoke, and sang, German.
[Al Trestrail, in Lucchetti p. 20.]) The influence of these is not readily apparent, except in the Roman section of
Triplanetary, and in the impeccable but convoluted grammar of Dr. Smith's narration. Some influence of nineteenth century
philosophy of language may be detectable in the account in
Galactic Patrol of the Lens of
Arisia as a
universal translator, which is reminiscent of
Frege's strong
realism about
Sinn, that is, thought or sense.
Both Moskowitz and Smith's daughter
Verna Smith Trestrail report that Dr. Smith had a troubled relationship with
John Campbell, the editor of
Astounding. It is noteworthy that Dr. Smith's most successful works were published under Campbell, but the degree of influence is uncertain. The original outline for the
Lensman series had been accepted by
F. Orlin Tremaine,
[Moskowitz p. 19] and Dr. Smith angered Campbell by showing loyalty to Tremaine at his new magazine,
Comet, when he sold him "The Vortex Blaster" in 1941.
[Moskowitz p. 21] Campbell's announcement of
Children of the Lens, in 1947, was less than enthusiastic.
[Moskowitz p. 23.] Campbell later said that he published it only reluctantly,
[Sanders p. 15.] though he praised it privately,
[Letter to Clifford Simak June 18 1953, The John W. Campbell Letters Volume 1, p. 177.] and bought little from Smith thereafter.
Doc himself appears as a character in the
2006 novel The Chinatown Death Cloud Peril by
Paul Malmont. The novel describes friendship and rivalry among pulp writers of the 1930s; it also includes
Walter Gibson, creator of
The Shadow, and
Lester Dent, creator of
Doc Savage.
Series
Lensman[Âł In "The Epic of Space," Dr. Smith reveals that the core books of the Lensman series, Galactic Patrol, Gray Lensman, Second Stage Lensman, and Children of the Lens, were conceived as a unified whole. Some recommend reading the books in this order, followed by the revised Triplanetary, First Lensman, and The Vortex Blaster.]#
Triplanetary (Amazing Stories Janâ€"Apr 1934, Fantasy Press 1948)
[The magazine version of Triplanetary was rewritten after the core books of the Lensman series; it forms the last two thirds of the book version. Its connection with the rest of the series is not strong, and largely interpolated.] #
First Lensman (Fantasy Press 1950)#
Galactic Patrol (Astounding Stories Sep 1937â€"Feb 1938, Fantasy Press 1950)Âł #
Gray Lensman (Astounding Stories Oct 1939â€"Jan 1940, Fantasy Press 1951)#
Second Stage Lensman (Astounding Stories Nov 1941â€"Feb 1942, Fantasy Press 1953)#
Children of the Lens (Astounding Stories Nov 1947â€"Feb 1948, Fantasy Press 1954)#
The Vortex Blaster, also known as
Masters of the Vortex (Comet July 1941, Astonishing Stories Jun & Oct 1942, Gnome Press 1960)
Skylark#
The Skylark of Space (written 1915â€"1920 with Mrs. Lee Hawkins Garby, Amazing Stories Augâ€"Oct 1928, Buffalo Book Co. 1946. Paperback edition, heavily revised and without the co-author credit, Pyramid Books 1958)#
Skylark Three (Amazing Stories Augâ€"Oct 1930, Fantasy Press 1948)#
Skylark of Valeron (Astounding Stories Aug 1934â€"Feb 1935, Fantasy Press 1949)#
Skylark DuQuesne (Worlds of If Junâ€"Oct 1965, Pyramid Books 1966)
Subspace#
Subspace Explorers (Canaveral Press 1965; the first 30 pages of the book appeared in Astounding Jul 1960)#
Subspace Encounter (1983)
|
The Clockwork Traitor (1976), 1977 Panther paperback edition. 160 pages |
Family d'Alembert (with
Stephen Goldin - in fact only parts of the first book are by Smith, the rest is by Goldin based on Smith's novella)#
Imperial Stars (1976)#
Stranglers' Moon (1976)#
The Clockwork Traitor (1976)#
Getaway World (1977)#
Appointment at Bloodstar, also known as The Bloodstar Conspiracy (1978)#
The Purity Plot (1978)#
Planet of Treachery (1981)#
Eclipsing Binaries (1983)#
The Omicron Invasion (1984)#
Revolt of the Galaxy (1985)
Lord Tedric (with
Gordon Eklund)#
Lord Tedric (1978)#
The Space Pirates (1979)#
Black Knight of the Iron Sphere (1979)#
Alien Realms (1980)
Novels
*
Spacehounds of IPC (Amazing Stories Julâ€"Sep 1931, Fantasy Press 1947)
*
The Galaxy Primes (Amazing Stories Marâ€"May 1959, Ace 1965. Dr. Smith expressed extreme dissatisfaction with the editing of this novel.)
*
Masters of Space (1976) (with E. Everett Evans)
*
Articles
* "Catastrophe" (
Astounding Science Fiction May 1938)
* "The Epic of Space" in
Of Worlds Beyond: The Science of Science Fiction Writing, edited by
Lloyd Arthur Eshbach (
Fantasy Press 1947; includes a biographical sketch)
* Introduction to
Man of Many Minds by E. Everett Evans (Fantasy Press 1953)
* Worldcon Guest of Honor Speech, originally presented at
Chicon I on
September 1 1940. Published in
Worldcon Guest of Honor Speeches, edited by
Mike Resnick and
Joe Siclari,
ISFiC Press, to be published
August 23 2006Secondary sources
* Contains a biographical sketch on p. 4, which is included in the
excerpt at
Steve Jackson Games.
* Ethan Fleischer
Selectively Annotated English Primary Source Bibliography.
* Ethan Fleischer
Z9M9Z: A Lensman Website*
Gharlane of Eddore (1998). Lensman FAQ http://www.outel.org/decomposed/goe/lensfaq.html.
*
Robert A. Heinlein (1979). "Larger Than Life," written for
MosCon I, published in
* .
*
[According to Gharlane, this is error-ridden: LensFaq section 7. Gharlane provides no details, but Moskowitz does get as basic a fact as the editorship of Amazing wrong, on page 15.]*
Frederik Pohl (1964). "Ode to a Skylark,"
If, May 1964. Reprinted in Lucchetti, pp. 11-15.
*
* 8pp. Reprint of an article in
Fantasy Review, 1948. Describes itself as an interview, but is mostly an essay with some extended quotations.
*
Verna Smith Trestrail (presumably 1979).
MosCon I Keynote Speech, unpublished typewritten notes.
* Harry Warner (1938). Brief
biography in
Spaceways Volume 1, #1.
*
Spacehounds of the IPC (original magazine version) by E. E. Smith
