James Dyson
_Biography |
subject_name=James Dyson |
image_name=JimDyson.jpg|right|thumb|250px |
image_caption=British
inventor and
entrepreneur | date_of_birth=
May 2 1947 | place_of_birth=
Norfolk,
United Kingdom}}
James Dyson,
CBE is a
British industrial designer. He is best known as the inventor of the
Dual Cyclone bagless
vacuum cleaner, which works on the principle of
cyclonic separation. His other inventions include the
Ballbarrow.
Dyson was educated at
Gresham's School, then spent one year (
1965-
1966) at the Byam Shaw School of Art (now the
Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design). He proceeded to study
furniture design and
interior design at the
Royal College of Art (
1966-
1970) before moving into
engineering. His
net worth is said to be just over a 1 billion [
1]. In 1997 he wrote
Against The Odds: An Autobiography co-authored by Giles Coren. ISBN 0-75280-981-4
The Sea Truck, Dyson's first product, was launched in 1970 whilst he was in the Royal College of Art. Sales of the Sea Truck amount to $500 million. The
Ballbarrow, a modified version of a wheelbarrow however using a ball to replace the wheel, was launched. Dyson remained with the idea of a ball and also invented the Trolleyball which was a trolley that launched boats. He then designed the Wheelboat which could travel at speeds of 64km/h on both land and water.
Dyson originally had the idea of using
cyclonic separation to create a vacuum cleaner that wouldn't lose suction as it picked up dirt in the late 1970s. He also thought of a vacuum cleaner that could do this after he found the spray-finishing room's air filter for the Ballbarrow was regularly becoming clogged with particles. He made 5172 prototypes before launching the 'G-Force' cleaner in 1983, launching it through catalogue sales in Japan, in bright pink, with a selling price of £2000 (British Equivalent). He finally obtained his first U.S.
patent on the idea in
1986 ().
After failing to sell his invention to the major manufacturers, Dyson set up his own manufacturing company, which now outsells many of the companies that rejected his idea, becoming one of the most popular brands in the
United Kingdom. In early
2005 it was reported that Dyson cleaners had become the market leaders in the
United States by value (though not by number of units sold).
Dyson's breakthrough in the UK market, more than 10 years after the initial idea, was through a TV advertising campaign that emphasized that, unlike its rivals, it did not require the continuing purchase of replacement bags. At that time, the UK market for disposable cleaner bags was £100m. The slogan of 'say goodbye to the bag' proved more attractive to the buying public than a previous emphasis on the suction efficiency that its technology delivers. Ironically, the previous step change in domestic vacuum cleaner design had been the introduction of the disposable bag - users being prepared to pay extra for the convenience of dustless emptying.
Following his success the other major manufacturers began to market their own bagless vacuum cleaners.Dyson sued
Hoover UK for
patent infringement and won (around $5 million in damages). Dyson dedicated two decades of his life to improving and marketing vacuum cleaners. Recently, his manufacturing plant moved from
Malmesbury in the
UK to
Malaysia, partly for economic reasons and partly because of difficulty acquiring land for expansion. Eight hundred people lost their jobs. The company's headquarters and research facilities remain in
Malmesbury.
Dyson later stated that due to the cost savings from transferring production to Malaysia he was able to invest in
R&D at Malmesbury. Dyson currently employs more people in the UK than he did before the transfer of manufacturing to Malaysia.
In 2005 Dyson added the wheel ball from his Ballbarrow into a vacuum cleaner.
Dyson is outspoken on the subjects of design,
engineering and
innovation, although his success is arguably due equally to astute marketing and manufacturing than to any of those.
In
2002 Dyson envisioned a realisation of the
illusions depicted in the
lithographs of
Dutch artist
M.C. Escher. Engineer Derek Phillips was able to accomplish the task after a year of work, creating a
water sculpture in which the water appears to flow up to the tops of four ramps arranged in a square, before cascading to the bottom of the next ramp. The creation titled
Wrong Garden, was displayed at the
Chelsea Flower Show in the spring of
2003. The illusion is accomplished with water containing air bubbles pumped through a chamber
underneath the transparent glass ramps to a slit at the top from which the bulk of the water cascades down. This makes it appear that the water is flowing up, when actually a small amount of water diverted from the slit at the top flows back down the ramps in a thin layer.
* "I just want things to work properly."
*
Dyson (appliances) - his company
*
BBC notice of Dyson's water sculpture
Wrong Garden with photos and diagram.
*
Engineering the Difference Dyson's Richard Dimbleby Lecture in 2004*
Dyson company web site.
*
Dyson(UK) official UK web site.
