Máramaros
Máramaros is the name of a historic administrative county (
comitatus) of the
Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in north-western
Romania and western
Ukraine. The capital of the county was
Sighetu Marmaţiei (-Romanian,
Máramarossziget in Hungarian).
Geography
Máramaros county shared borders with the
Austrian crownlands
Galicia (currently in
Poland and
Ukraine) and
Bukovina (currently in
Romania and
Ukraine) and the Hungarian counties
Bereg,
Ugocsa,
Szatmár,
Szolnok-Doboka and
Beszterce-Naszód. It was situated on both sides of the river
Tisza, and in the
Carpathian mountains. Its area was 9720
km² around 1910.
History
In
1918 (confirmed by the
Treaty of Trianon 1920), the northern part of the county became part of newly formed
Czechoslovakia. The southern part (including
Sighetu Marmaţiei) became part of
Romania.
During
World War II, the Czechoslovak part was occupied by Hungary under the
First Vienna Award. The county Máramaros was recreated, with
Khust/Huszt as capital. The
Romanian part was from
1940 to
1944 a part of
Hungary.After World War II, the formerly Czechoslovak part of Máramaros county became part of the
Soviet Union,
Ukrainian SSR,
Zakarpattia Oblast. Since
1991, when the
Soviet Union split up, the
Zakarpattya region is part of
Ukraine.
The southern part of the county is now part of the
Romanian county
Maramureş.
Demographics
Population by language (1910 census):
*Ruthenian = 159,489
*Romanian = 84,510
*German = 59,552
*Hungarian = 52,964
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Máramaros county were:
| Districts (járás) | | District | Capital |
|---|
| Dolha | Dolha, UA Dovhe |
| Huszt | Huszt, UA Khust |
| Izavölgy | Dragomérfalva, RO Dragomireşti |
| Ökörmező | Ökörmező, UA Mizhhir'ya |
| Sugatag | Aknasugatag, RO Ocna Şugatag |
| Sziget | Máramarossziget, RO Sighetu Marmaţiei |
| Taracviz | Taracköz, UA Teresva |
| Técső | Técső, UA Tiachiv |
| Tiszavölgy | Rahó, UA Rakhiv |
| Visó | Felsővisó, RO Vişeu de Sus |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) |
|---|
| Máramarossziget, RO Sighetu Marmaţiei |
Rakhiv,
Teresva,
Tiachiv,
Khust,
Dovhe and
Mizhhir'ya are presently in
Ukraine;
Sighetu Marmaţiei,
Ocna Şugatag,
Dragomireşti and
Vişeu de Sus are presently in
Romania.
