National syndicalism
National Syndicalism is typically associated with the
right-wing labor movement in
Italy which would later become the basis for
Benito Mussolini's
National Fascist Party.
Unlike
anarcho-syndicalists,
trade unionists, and other
left-wing elements of the Italian labor movement, the national syndicalists supported Italy's involvement in the
World War I. They also rejected the
internationalism of the
anarchists and
Marxists in favor of
militarism and
nationalism.
National syndicalists imagined that the
liberal democratic political system would be destroyed in a massive
general strike, at which point the nation's economy would be transformed into a
corporatist model based on class collaboration (see the
Nazi model of
Volksgemeinschaft).
Some famous advocates of National Syndicalism are the Italian
Alceste De Ambris,
British Union of Fascists leader Sir
Oswald Mosley, and Italian Fascist Party member
Sergio Panunzio.
National syndicalism in the
Iberian Peninsula is a political theory similar to the fascist idea of corporatism, and inspired by
Integralism and the
Action Française (for a
French parallel, see
Cercle Proudhon). It was formulated in
Spain by
Ramiro Ledesma Ramos in a manifesto published in his periodical
La Conquista del Estado on
March 14,
1931.
National syndicalism was intended to win over the anarcho-syndicalist
Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT) to a corporatist nationalism. Ledesma's manifesto was discussed in the CNT congress of 1931. However, the National Syndicalist movement effectively emerged as a separate political tendency. Later the same year,
Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista was formed, and subsequently fused with
Falange Española and, in 1936, with
Carlism. It was one of the ideological bases of
Francoist Spain, especially in the early years.
The ideology was present in
Portugal with the
Movimento Nacional-Sindicalista (active in the early 1930s), its leader
Francisco Rolão Preto being a collaborator of Falange ideologue
José Antonio Primo de Rivera.
The Spanish version theory has influenced the
Kataeb Party in
Lebanon, the
Falange Boricua in
Puerto Rico, and other groups that have fascist sympathies but usually reject
racism.
*
Corporatism*
Fascism*
Faisceau*
National anarchism*
Spanish Trade Union Organisation*
National Syndicalist Party USA
