November 11
November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in
leap years) in the
Gregorian Calendar, with 50 days remaining.
*
308 - The Congress of
Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the
Tetrarchy declare
Maxentius and
Licinius to be
Augusti, while rival contender
Constantine I is declared
Caesar of
Britain and
Gaul*
1215 - The
Fourth Lateran Council meets, adopting the doctrine of
transubstantiation, meaning that bread and wine are transformed into the body and blood of Christ.
*
1500 -
Treaty of Granada -
Louis XII of France and
Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the
Kingdom of Naples between them.
*
1620 - In what is now
Provincetown Harbor near
Cape Cod, the
Mayflower Compact is signed on the
Mayflower, establishing the basic laws for the
Plymouth Colony.
*
1634 - Following pressure from
Anglican bishop
John Atherton, the
Irish House of Commons passes
"An Act for the Punishment for the Vice of Buggery" (
anal sex).
*
1675 -
Gottfried Leibniz demonstrated
integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the graph of
y =
f(
x)
function.
* 1675 -
Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth
Guru of the
Sikhs.
*
1831 - In
Jerusalem, Virginia,
Nat Turner is hanged after inciting a violent
slave uprising.
*
1833 - Former
United States President
John Quincy Adams is first chief executive involved in a railroad accident when the
Camden & Amboy train he is riding derails due to a broken axle caused by an overheated journal box in the meadows near
Hightstown, New Jersey. He is uninjured and continues his trip onto
Washington, D.C. the following day.
*
1834 -
Hans Christian Andersen's
The Ugly Duckling was first published.
*
1839 - The
Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
*
1864 -
American Civil War:
Sherman's March to the Sea -
Union General
William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning
Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
*
1865 -
Treaty of Sinchula is signed in which
Bhutan ceded the areas east of the
Teesta River to the
British East India Company.
*
1880 - Australian
Bushranger Ned Kelly is hanged at
Melbourne Gaol.
*
1887 -
Anarchist Haymarket Martyrs August Spies,
Albert Parsons,
Adolph Fischer and
George Engel are
executed.
* 1887 - Construction of the
Manchester Ship Canal starts at
Eastham.
*
1889 -
Washington is admitted as the 42nd
U.S. state.
*
1911 - Many cities in the midwest broke their record highs and lows on the same day as a strong cold front rolls through. (see
The 11/11/11 cold wave).
*
1918 -
World War I ends:
Germany signs an
armistice agreement with the
Allies in a
railroad car outside of
Compiègne in
France. The war officially stops at 11:00.
* 1918 -
Józef Piłsudski comes to
Warsaw and assumes supreme military power in
Poland. Poland regains its independence.
* 1918 - Emperor
Charles I of Austria abdicates.
*
1919 - The
Centralia Massacre in
Centralia, Washington results the deaths of four members of the
American Legion and the lynching of a local leader of the
IWW.
*
1921 - The
Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by US President
Warren G. Harding at
Arlington National Cemetery.
*
1930 -
Patent number US1781541 was awarded to
Albert Einstein and
Leó Szilárd for their invention, the
Einstein refrigerator.
*
1933 -
Dust Bowl: In
South Dakota, a very strong
dust storm strips
topsoil from desiccated farmlands.
*
1940 -
World War II:
Battle of Taranto - The
Royal Navy launches the first
aircraft carrier strike in history, on the
Italian fleet at
Taranto.
* 1940 - The
German cruiser
Atlantis captures
top secret British mail, and sends it to
Japan.
*
1940 -
Armistice Day Blizzard: An unexpected
blizzard kills 144 in
U.S. Midwest.
*
1962 -
Kuwait's National Assembly ratifies the Constitution of Kuwait.
*
1965 -
Rhodesia (now called
Zimbabwe) was declared independent by the white minority regime of
Ian Smith.
*
1966 -
NASA launches spaceship
Gemini 12.
*
1967 -
Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony in
Phnom Penh,
Cambodia, three
American prisoners of war are released by the
Viet Cong and turned over to "new left" antiwar activist
Tom Hayden.
*
1968 -
Vietnam War:
Operation Commando Hunt initiated. The goal was to interdict men and supplies on the
Ho Chi Minh Trail, through
Laos into
South Vietnam.
* 1968 - A second
republic is declared in the
Maldives.
*
1970 - First broadcast of
Sesame Street.
*
1972 -
Vietnam War:
Vietnamization - The
United States Army turns over the massive
Long Binh military base to
South Vietnam.
*
1975 -
Angola becomes independent from
Portugal.
* 1975 -
Australian constitutional crisis of 1975:
Australian Governor-General Sir
John Kerr dismisses the government of
Gough Whitlam and commissions
Malcolm Fraser as caretaker
Prime Minister, and announces a general election to be held in early December.
*
1978 -
Maumoon Abdul Gayoom succeeded
Ibrahim Nasir as the president of the
Republic of Maldives. He has since been re-elected for six consecutive 5-year terms.
*
1992 - The
Church of England votes to allow women to become priests.
*
1997 -
Mary McAleese inaugurated as the eighth President of
Ireland.
*
1999 - A six-storey apartment block collapses in
Foggia,
Italy, killing 62.
*
2000 - In
Kaprun,
Austria, 155 skiers and snowboarders die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel.
*
2004 - Under new ownership,
G4TechTV terminated many great
TechTV hosts, as well as crew, and aired their last episodes on the 10th and 11th.
*
2004 -
New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior dedicated at the
National War Memorial,
Wellington* 2004 -
Yasser Arafat is confirmed dead by the , of unidentified causes.
Mahmoud Abbas is elected chairman of the PLO minutes later.
* 2004 -
Mary McAleese inaugurated for a second term as President of
Ireland.
*
1050 -
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d.
1106)
*
1154 - King
Sancho I of Portugal (d.
1212)
*
1155 - King
Alfonso VIII of Castile (d.
1214)
*
1220 -
Alphonse of Toulouse, son of
Louis VIII of France (d.
1271)
*
1493 -
Paracelsus, doctor (d.
1541)
* 1493 -
Bernardo Tasso, Italian poet (d.
1569)
*
1599 -
Prince Octavio Piccolomini, Duke of Amalfi, Austrian field marshal (d.
1656)
*
1633 -
George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, British statesman (d.
1695)
*
1668 -
Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer (d.
1736)
*
1743 -
Carl Peter Thunberg, Swedish naturalist (d.
1828)
*
1744 -
Abigail Adams,
First Lady of the United States (d.
1818)
*
1748 - King
Charles IV of Spain (d.
1819)
*
1764 -
Barbara Juliana, Baroness von Krüdener, Russian writer (d.
1824)
*
1791 -
Josef Munzinger, Swiss Federal Councillor (d.
1855)
*
1792 -
Mary Anne Evans, English wife of
Benjamin Disraeli (d.
1872)
*
1821 -
Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist (d.
1881)
*
1828 -
Sri Deep Narayan Mahaprabhuji, Hindu saint (d.
1963)
*
1836 -
Thomas Bailey Aldrich, American poet and novelist (d.
1907)
*
1852 -
Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Austro-Hungarian field marshal (d.
1925)
*
1858 -
Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian painter (d.
1884)
*
1863 -
Paul Signac, French painter (d.
1935)
*
1864 -
Alfred Hermann Fried, Austrian pacifist, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (d.
1921)
*
1869 - King
Victor Emmanuel III of Italy (d.
1947)
*
1882 - King
Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden (d.
1973)
*
1883 -
Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (d.
1969)
*
1885 -
George Smith Patton, Jr., American general (d.
1945)
*
1887 -
Roland Young, American actor (d.
1953)
*
1889 -
Clifton Webb, American actor (d.
1966)
*
1891 -
Rabbit Maranville, baseball player (d.
1954)
*
1898 -
Rene Clair, French film director (d.
1981)
*
1899 -
Pat O'Brien, American film actor (d.
1983)
*
1900 -
Halina Konopacka, Polish athlete (d.
1989)
*
1901 -
F. Van Wyck Mason, American author (d.
1978)
*
1903 -
Sam Spiegel, Austrian-born film producer (d.
1985)
*
1904 -
Alger Hiss, American government official and spy (d.
1994)
* 1904 -
J. H. C. Whitehead, British mathematician (d.
1960)
*
1909 -
Robert Ryan, American actor (d.
1973)
*
1912 -
Thomas C. Mann, American diplomat (d.
1999)
*
1914 -
Howard Fast, American author (d.
2003)
* 1914 -
Henry Wade, American lawyer (d.
2001)
*
1915 -
William Proxmire, U.S. Senator (d.
2005)
*
1918 -
Stubby Kaye, American comic actor (d.
1997)
*
1919 -
Martin Balsam, American actor (d.
1996)
* 1919 -
Kalle Päätalo, Finnish novelist (d.
2000)
*
1920 -
Roy Jenkins, British politician (d.
2003)
*
1921 -
Terrell Bell, American politician
*
1922 -
Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., American novelist
*
1925 -
June Whitfield, British comedienne
* 1925 -
Jonathan Winters, American comedian and actor
*
1928 -
LaVern Baker, American singer (d.
1997)
* 1928 -
Carlos Fuentes, Mexican writer
*
1929 -
Hans Magnus Enzensberger, German writer
*
1937 -
Stephen Lewis, Canadian politician and diplomat
*
1938 -
Ants Antson, Estonian speed skater
* 1938 -
Haruhiro Yamashita, Japanese gymnast
*
1939 -
Denise Alexander, American actress
*
1940 -
Barbara Boxer, U.S. Senator
*
1943 -
Doug Frost, Australian swimming coach
*
1944 -
Jesse Colin Young, American musician (
The Youngbloods)
*
1945 -
Daniel Ortega,
President of Nicaragua*
1950 -
Mircea Dinescu, Romanian poet
*
1951 -
Kim Peek, American megasavant
*
1953 -
Marshall Crenshaw, American musician
*
1959 -
Lee Haney, American bodybuilder
*
1960 -
Peter Parros, American actor
* 1960 -
Stanley Tucci, American actor and film director
*
1961 -
Corinne Hermès, French singer
*
1962 -
Demi Moore, American actress
* 1962 -
James Morrison, Australian musician
*
1963 -
Steve Fezzik, American professional gambler
*
1964 -
Judith Edelman, American musician
* 1964 -
Calista Flockhart, American actress
*
1966 -
Alison Doody, Irish actress
*
1967 -
Gil de Ferran, Brazilian race car driver
*
1968 -
David L Cook, American singer and comedian
*
1969 -
Carson Kressley, American television personality
*
1970 -
Lee Battersby, Australian author
*
1973 -
Jason White, American musician (
Green Day)
*
1974 -
Leonardo DiCaprio, American actor
*1974 -
Wajahatullah Wasti, Pakistani cricketer
*
1976 -
Mike Leon Grosch, German singer
*
1977 -
Ben Hollioake, English cricketer (d.
2002)
* 1977 -
Maniche, Portuguese footballer
*
1979 -
Courtenay Semel, American reality TV star
*
1980 -
Willie Parker, American football player
*
1981 -
Natalie Glebova, Russian-Canadian beauty queen
* 1981 -
Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg
*
1982 -
Brittny Gastineau, American socialite
*
1983 -
Philipp Lahm, German footballer
* 1983 -
Kristal Marshall, American professional wrestler
*
1985 -
Kalan Porter, Canadian singer
*
1989 -
Reina Tanaka, Japanese singer (
Morning Musume,
Aa!,
Elegies)
*
397 -
Martin of Tours, French saint
*
405 -
Arsacius, intruding archbishop of Constantinople
*
537 -
Pope Silverius, saint
*
1028 -
Constantine VIII of the Byzantine Empire (b.
960)
*
1623 -
Philippe de Mornay, French writer (b.
1549)
*
1686 -
Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, French general (b.
1621)
* 1686 -
Otto von Guericke, German scientist, inventor, and politician (b.
1602)
*
1812 -
Platon Levshin, Metropoitan of Moscow (b.
1737)
*
1831 -
Nat Turner, American slave rebel (b.
1800)
*
1855 -
Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (b.
1813)
*
1880 -
Ned Kelly, Australian bushranger (hanged)
* 1880 -
Lucretia Mott, American feminist and abolitionist (b.
1793)
*
1884 -
Alfred Brehm German zoologist (b.
1827)
*
1887 - Haymarket martyrs:
* 1887 -
George Engel (b.
1836)
* 1887 -
Adolph Fischer (b.
1858)
* 1887 -
Albert Parsons (b.
1848)
* 1887 -
August Spies (b.
1855)
*
1917 -
Liliuokalani of Hawaii, Queen of Hawaii (b.
1838)
*
1918 -
George Lawrence Price, Canadian soldier, last person to be killed in W.W.I.
*
1931 -
Shibusawa Eiichi, Japanese industrialist (b.
1840)
*
1939 -
Jan Opletal, czech student, victim of nazi violence in
Prague*
1945 -
Jerome David Kern, American composer (b.
1885)
*
1969 -
Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b.
1883)
*
1972 -
Berry Oakley, Bass Player and founder, Allman Brothers Band (b.
1948)
*
1973 -
David "Stringbean" Akeman, American banjo player (b.
1915)
* 1973 -
Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, Finnish chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1895)
*
1974 -
Alfonso Leng, Chilean composer (b.
1894)
*
1976 -
Alexander Calder, American artist (b.
1898)
*
1977 -
Greta Keller, Vienna-born cabaret singer and actress (b.
1903)
*
1979 -
Dimitri Tiomkin, Ukrainian-born composer (b.
1894)
*
1988 -
William Ifor Jones, Welsh Conductor & Organist (b.
1900)
*
1997 -
Rodney Milburn, American athlete (b.
1950)
*
1999 -
Mary Kay Bergman, American voice actress (b.
1961)
* 1999 -
Jacobo Timmerman, Argentine writer and journalist (b.
1923)
*
2004 -
Yasser Arafat, Palestinian leader, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (b.
1929)
*
2005 -
Lord Lichfield, British photographer
* 2005 -
Peter Drucker, American management theorist (b.
1909)
* 2005 -
Moustapha Akkad, Syrian-American film producer and director. (b.
1930)
*
R.C. Saints -
Martin of Tours*Opening of
carnival season in Germany ("Karneval"/"Fasching" on 11-11, at 11:11), the Netherlands, and other countries
*Also see
November 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)*
Angola -
Independence Day (
1975)
*
Colombia - Independence of Cartagena, from the Spanish Army in (
1918)
*
Poland -
Independence Day (
1918)
*
South Korea -
Pepero Day*
United States -
Veterans Day (Formerly "Armistice Day")
*
Armistice Day in
France and
Belgium: end of
World War I (
1918)
*Lacplesis' Day (
1919) in
Latvia: the official date for commemoration of Latvian soldiers, who had died for the country's freedom.
*
Remembrance Day in the
Commonwealth of Nations, including
United Kingdom,
Australia and
Canada.
*
BBC: On This DayNovember 10 -
November 12 -
October 11 -
December 11 --
listing of all days 
