Pump
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An electric driven pump of water works nearby the Hengstey See, Germany |
This article is about the mechanical device. For the shoe see Pump (shoe). For the Aerosmith album see Pump (album)A
pump is a mechanical device used to move
gases,
liquids, or
slurries. A pump moves liquids or gases from a lower pressure to a higher pressure and is responsible for this difference in pressure. A gas pump is generally called a
compressor.
The earliest pump was described by
Archimedes in the
3rd century BC and is known as the
Archimedes screw pump. Pumps work by using mechanical forces to push the material, either by physically lifting, or by the force of compression.
Pumps fall into two categories: positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. Their names describe the method for moving water.
A positive displacement pump causes water to move by trapping a fixed volume of water and then forcing (displacement) that trapped volume into the receiving pipe.
A centrifugal pump causes water to move by transfering the rotational energy from a motor (through an impeller) into water pressure (potential energy).
A special type of pump without moving parts is an
Eductor-jet pump, which uses the kinetic energy of a fluid to increase the pressure of a second fluid.
Pumps may be powered by an
internal combustion engine,
electric motor, manually (as with the
hand pump used for pumping groundwater), or by
wind power (common for
irrigation). Solar power has been used to power an electric motor, for remote locations.[
1]
*
Fire pump and
Jockey pump*
Oil pump*
Pumping station*
Boiler feedwater pump*
Circulator pump*
Condensate pump*
Chain pumps*
Concrete pump*
Metering pump*
Rope pump[
2]
*
Compressors*
Vacuum pump*
Wind pump*
Air compressor*
Bicycle pump*
Eductor-jet pump*
Roundabout PlayPump*
Turbopump*
Pump suppliers in DMOZ Open Directory Project
