States of Malaysia
Malaysia is a
federation of 13
states. Eleven states are located on the
Malay Peninsula while two others are on the island of
Borneo.
|
Map of the states of Malaysia |
(Capital cities are in parentheses)
*
Sultanate of
Johor (
Johor Bahru)
*Sultanate of
Kedah (
Alor Setar)
*Sultanate of
Kelantan (
Kota Baharu)
*
Melaka (
Malacca Town)
*Elective Monarchy of
Negeri Sembilan (
Seremban)
*Sultanate of
Pahang (
Kuantan)
*Sultanate of
Perak (
Ipoh)
*Kingdom of
Perlis (
Kangar)
*
Pulau Pinang (
George Town)
*Sultanate of
Selangor (
Shah Alam)
*Sultanate of
Terengganu (
Kuala Terengganu)
*Federal territories:
**
Federal Territory of Putrajaya (the federation's new administrative capital)
**
Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur (the federation's original formal, legislative and economical capital)
(Capital cities are in parentheses.)
*
Sabah, formerly North Borneo (
Kota Kinabalu, formerly Jesselton)
*
Sarawak (
Kuching)
*Federal territory:
**
Federal Territory of Labuan (
Victoria)
Each of the thirteen states and the three Federal Territories are identified by a civil state code:
*Johor:
JH*Melaka:
MK*Negeri Sembilan:
NS*Selangor:
SL*Perak:
PK*Penang:
PP or
PN*Kedah:
KH*Perlis:
PS*Kelantan:
KN*Terengganu:
TR*Pahang:
PH*Sabah:
SBH*Sarawak:
SWK*
Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur:
KL*
Federal Territory of Labuan:
LB*
Federal Territory of Putrajaya:
PTJThe nine
Malay states have a native titular Ruler and a popularly elected, executive Chief Minister or
Menteri Besar. The rulers of Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Selangor and Terengganu are known as
Sultans (typically Islamic). Only Negeri Sembilan's elective ruler holds the rare, autochthonous Malay title of Yang Dipertuan Besar, whereas only the Ruler of Perlis is titled
Raja (a relic from the Hindu period). The former British settlements and crown colonies of Penang and Malacca (both peninsular) and Sabah and Sarawak (both on North Borneo) each have a federally appointed titular Governor (but styled
Yang di-Pertua Negeri 'head of state') and an executive Chief Minister.
Singapore was a Malaysian state from the formation of Malaysia on
16 September 1963 until Singapore separated from the rest of Malaysia on
9 August 1965.
*
State emblem of Malaysia*
State flags in Malaysia*
Districts of Malaysia*
Local government in Malaysia
