Wexis
Wexis is a humorous
portmanteau used to refer to the alleged
duopoly of
publishing conglomerates that dominate the
U.S. legal information services industry — namely,
West Publishing and
LexisNexis.
[Jean McKnight, "Wexis versus the Net," Illinois Bar Journal 85, no. 4 (April 1997): 189-190.]Neither of these companies is independent—they are parts of much larger conglomerates that dominate the entire information services sector. West is owned by
The Thomson Corporation, while LexisNexis is a division of
Reed Elsevier.
Notably, these companies dispute the allegation that they are a duopoly; LexisNexis actually sued one company which used the terms "Wexis" and "duopoly" in its marketing literature.
[Anonymous, "LexisNexis wins first phase of legal battle with competitor," Business First-Columbus, 29 June 2001, A13.]The
United States district court imposed various requirements regarding the companies' operations in a consent decree resulting from an
antitrust inquiry by the
United States Department of Justice under the
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act in connection with Thomson's purchase of West Publishing, and West's and Lexis's settlement of various outstanding claims in that proceeding.
[Final Judgment: U.S. v. The Thomson Corporation and West Publishing Company, Civil No.: 96-1415 (PLF), United States District Court for the District of Columbia, March 7, 1997.] For example, West was required to license the "star pagination" in its printed
reporters under certain terms.
[Final Judgment, Part IX.] Otherwise,
lawyers in jurisdictions that require citations to all official and unofficial reporters would have to subscribe to
both online services to get all the necessary page numbers for
citations in their briefs. The judge also had concerns about the Thomson and West products ordered to be
divested being sold to Lexis,
[Transcript - Conference before Judge Friedman, February 6,1996 -- USA v. Thomson, 96 CV 1415, USDC District of Columbia.] primarily
statutory and
case law publications of Lawyers Cooperative Publishing, such as
United States Supreme Court Reports, Lawyers Edition and
United States Code Service,
[Final Judgment, Part IV and Exhibit A1.] but those sales were approved.
Both companies are known for their aggressive marketing programs in American
law schools. Law students may print documents for free that are obtained through their respective services. Both companies also have programs through which students may earn points (based on their number of searches) that can be redeemed for free gifts.
[Maggie Rauch, "Court of appeal: legal information providers vie for student loyalty," Incentive 179, no. 3 (March 2005): 13.]Wolters Kluwer is the largest company trying to establish a beachhead against the "Wexis" duopoly; it has taken over offline legal publishers like Aspen Publishing and online legal services like Loislaw, and owns Commerce Clearing House (CCH).
[cch.com: About Us page.] However, Wolters has not yet created a single brand for its online and offline legal offerings, and most importantly, it lacks a service that can directly compete against
Westlaw's KeyCite or Shepard's Citations from LexisNexis. The
Bureau of National Affairs is the best known of the remaining independent law publishing companies. Both BNA and CCH have arrangements with Lexis and Westlaw to publish their content though those electronic services, although they also provide their
subscribers web access to certain publications.
